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Gravity, Time and Complexity

Jacek Marczyk (Ontonixqcm)by
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A new theory proposed to explain why time evolves only in one direction is analyzed by Jacek Marczyk.

In an article entitled “Is gravity the force driving time forwards”, a theory is proposed in order to explain why time evolves only in one direction. The theory attempts to complement the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which has been instrumental in terms of establishing the concept of arrow of time based on entropy.

The article suggests that while entropy explains why a shattered cup won’t spontaneously recompose itself into its original form, it doesn’t explain why the cup exists in the first place. This is due, according to the authors, to the clumping power of gravity. It is them claimed that:
‘Overall, it’s no surprise to
learn that the Universe gets
more complex with time.’
This statement is not entirely correct. In our earlier article “The Fourth Law” we show how in the presence of non-decreasing entropy, complexity does indeed grow but then it peaks at a certain time. This is illustrated in the plot below.
It also suggests that as entropy will erode all structure in the Universe – complexity is zero – there may be a Big Crunch.
The evolution of the post-Big Bang Universe is proven by the fact that we observe increasingly complex structures, planets, stars, pulsars, quasars, galaxies or clusters of galaxies. However, we don’t know where are on the above complexity curve today. Time will show!
Complexity is the bridge which connects structure (S) and entropy (E). Complexity brings together the two strongest and antagonistic forces of Nature – the urge to create structure and the compulsion to destroy it. C=f(S; E).

Jacek Marczyk

Author of nine books on uncertainty and Complexity Management, Jacek has developed in 2003 the Quantitative Complexity Theory (QCT), a new complexity-based theory of risk and rating. In 2005 he founded Ontonix, a company delivering complexity-based early-warning solutions with particular emphasis on systemic aspects and turbulent economic regimes. Read more publications by Jacek

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Published by Jacek Marczyk (Ontonixqcm)

Established in 2005 in the USA, Ontonix is headquartered in Como, Italy, and develops the World’s first system which allows one to measure and manage complexity - the main enemy of modern businesses. Our award winning technology and exclusive services help our clients view strategy, business risk management and economic intelligence from a radically innovative perspective. In turbulent times conventional analytics and BI technology prove ineffective and it is necessary to turn to new methods. Our technology takes advantage of the recent developments in science and has been engineered to specifically treat turbulence and extreme events. We know how to identify the hidden sources of fragility in a business and how to make it more resilient. And how to prepare it for Black Swans. Based on the discovery that excessive complexity is the true source of exposure, we have devised a new theory of risk which is particularly suited for a turbulent global economy and which allows us to provide our clients with real-time early warnings of increased vulnerability and exposure. Our unusual software solutions, which integrate with ERP or Data Warehouse systems, deliver new and critical information on a business and its performance. Our intrinsic KPIs and business diagnosis tools provide management with strategic business and economic intelligence in a dynamic fashion. Ontonix offers a unique cloud-based business diagnosis and rating capability, which allows one to perform a real-time check of the complexity and resilience of a corporation. The on-line service generates intuitive Business Structure Maps which pinpoint the sources of criticality within a business. With the Internet as the backbone of this global service, our goal is to deliver objective ratings and complexity management to every corner of the economy, helping corporations cope better with our turbulent times.

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